What is the Epidermis?
The epidermis is the outermost layer of your skin, acting as a protective shield against the environment.
Key Functions of the epidermis:
1. Barrier: Keeps bad stuff out (bacteria, viruses, toxins) and good stuff in (moisture).
2. Protection: Shields against UV radiation, heat, cold, and mechanical damage.
3. Regeneration: Constantly replaces dead skin cells.
Main Cell Types:
1. Keratinocytes (90%): Produce keratin, a protein keeping skin strong.
2. Melanocytes (5%): Produce melanin, responsible for skin color.
3. Langerhans Cells (5%): Help fight infections.
Epidermal Layers:
Stratum Corneum (outermost): Outermost layer of dead skin cells.
Protects skin from outside damage, and regulates water balance
Stratum Lucidum: Thin, transparent layer (only on palms and soles).
Additional barrier against water loss.
Stratum Granulosum: This layer is where cells become compact and ready to shed.
Prepares cells for shedding, and regulates water balance.
Stratum Spinosum: Layer of polygon-shaped cells with short spines.
Produces new skin cells, and synthesizes proteins.
Stratum Basale: Innermost layer of cuboidal cells.
Regenerates new skin cells through cell division.
Fun Facts:
Epidermis renews itself every 28 days and 40-60 days for mature skin
Skin is your body's largest organ!
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